Prepare to practice identifying and writing Roman numerals in the Got It? section with some interactive activities and games. How would you show the value 80 using Roman numerals?.How are Roman numerals used differently from our number system?.After the video, discuss these questions with an adult or teacher: Now, write the Roman numerals in order to represent the number broken into smaller pieces:īefore moving on, watch How to Read Roman Numerals, from Socratica Kids, to see more examples. 9 = IX, showing that 1 less than 10 is 9.Since the numbers represent numbers in a base ten system, break the number into the following: How would you write the year 1969 in Roman numerals?īreak it into smaller pieces. Roman numerals can be used to represent years. You cannot write LXXXX, so you would write XC, which is 100 - 10 = 90. How would you write 90? Discuss with an adult or teacher. If we have larger numbers, the same rules apply: IX means to take 1 away from 10 to get 9.īut how would you write 40? It cannot be XXXX because you cannot repeat the letter more than three times, so you will need to use the subtraction method. If you wanted to show the value 9, you would use the subtraction method. VIII would mean 5 + 1 + 1 + 1, which is 8. XIII would mean 10 + 1 + 1 + 1, which is 13. Rule 4 The letters, I, X, C, and M cannot repeat more than three times in a row. Only the Roman numerals I, X, C, and M, can be repeated. In any other usage case it should be written in the normal format (arabic number) 89. It is incorrect to use the Roman symbol LXXXIX in a text, unless it represents an ordinal value. Even though L=50, you cannot use LL to represent 100. To correctly read the number 89 as the Roman numeral LXXXIX, It must be read as it is written from left to right and from high to low numbers. If you wanted to represent the value of 100, you would use C. Rule 3 The capital letters I, X, C, and M are the only letters that can be repeated. The Roman numeral that follows, X, has a larger value of 10, so subtract the values: The first Roman numeral, I, has a value of 1. Rule 2 When the smaller value is written first, followed by the larger value, then subtract the values. The Roman numerals that follow, II, have a smaller value of 2, so add the values: The first Roman numeral, V, has a value of 5. Rule 1 When the larger value is written first, followed by the smaller value, then add the values. Here are the rules for writing Roman numerals: Otherwise, special rules need to be followed. For example, to show the value 5, use V, and to show the value 100, use C. If the value can be represented by one letter, then only that letter is used. The number 0 does not exist in Roman numerals. The first letter of each word represents the order in which we should remember Roman numerals. One fun way to remember the order of Roman numerals is to remember this sentence: The list below shows the numerals of the Roman numeral system: The Roman numeral system is a number system that uses letters instead of numbers to represent values. Roman numerals are used in textbooks, football games, clocks, and on statues to represent years. Roman numerals use seven values for counting. In ancient Rome, they used Roman numerals for counting (make sense?).
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